How to buy shares
One of the options for investing and increasing free funds is to buy shares. Here we will consider possible purchase options, features and risks of such an investment.
Where can I buy shares
Buy shares in a bank
Shares can be bought at the nearest large bank, although the choice will be limited to the shares of the financial institution itself and the shares of the most stable and reliable companies. You can earn on such shares only in the case of long-term investments. This is a good option to keep your savings.
Invest in investment funds
You can invest your funds in any investment company or in a mutual investment fund (UIF). You will not independently monitor the financial situation in the market and buy or sell shares, professionals will do it for you. How to choose a mutual fund...
Buy shares from the organization (issuer) itself
Another possibility is to buy shares directly from the company itself, the owner of the shares. You can find out the details directly from the company of your choice. You can also buy shares from an individual, however, you need to thoroughly check the authenticity of the shares and the legality of their ownership.
Buy shares through a broker
Since a private person does not have access to trading on the stock exchange, you can use the services of a broker. To do this, you need to choose a brokerage company, conclude an agreement with it, replenish your account and you can freely participate in the purchase and sale of shares. In this option, you need to pay special attention to the reliability of the broker, its tariffs (usually from 0.02 to 0.1% of the transaction) and the minimum amount with which you can start working (usually 30-100 thousand rubles). Thanks to the Internet, all operations can be performed without visiting the brokers office, quickly and reliably.
How much to spend on buying shares
To invest all your savings in one thing is a big risk, so you need to properly distribute your finances. For investing in stocks, it is advisable to use about one third of your savings.
The minimum amount that you need to have is 30 - 100 thousand rubles, in fact, such a minimum amount is required to open an account with a brokerage company.
The optimal amount needed to form a good stock portfolio starts from 100 thousand rubles.
What stocks to buy
Before buying shares, you should collect at least some information about the most promising companies, the dynamics of growth or decline in their shares, and familiarize yourself with the forecasts. You can’t buy shares of only one company with all your money, as in this case you are at great risk.
A smarter approach is to distribute your funds among several promising companies. In this case, even if the shares of any one company fall in price, then at the expense of other shares you will be able to compensate for the losses and make a profit.
It is also important to choose the right time to buy shares and try to buy them at the lowest price. Although with long-term investments, this factor (if we take the usual small exchange rate fluctuations of a few percent) is not so significant.
Dividends
Stocks have another great property - dividends. Dividends are part of a companys profits that are distributed among its shareholders. Although Russian companies are usually not very keen on this, but if you have a fairly large number of shares in one company, you can get a good additional income.
Peculiarities when working with promotions
The price of buying and selling shares is different and this must be taken into account. The difference between the buy and sell price is called the spread.
Shares are sold in lots depending on quantity and value. Those. shares of some companies are sold only in 100 shares (or 50, or 10, etc.) and you simply cannot buy a smaller number of shares.
On the profits received from the sale of shares, it will be necessary to pay a tax of 13%. This is usually done by the broker when you withdraw funds from your account.
In addition, I would like to dwell on the need to be constantly aware of the current situation in the financial market, at least in relation to companies whose shares you own. Track changes in share prices. View news and forecasts. This will not take much time, but will allow you to be aware of the current situation and, possibly, to predict a fall or rise, which, in the end, will allow you to save and increase your finances.
Good luck with your investment!
Your questions and comments:
The dates for closing the register are different for all companies, you need to find out more specifically. Usually from March to June of the current year.
The amount of dividends of Russian companies by year can be viewed here...